A long-nosed chameleon hid its true identity for 150 years

Scientists have discovered that Madagascars iconic Pinocchio chameleon is actually a distinct species now named Calumma pinocchio. DNA from both modern samples and centuries-old museum specimens also exposed another hidden species, Calumma hofreiteri. The study shows that the chameleons elongated snouts evolve surprisingly quickly, likely influenced by female mate choice. These findings highlight Madagascar as a hotspot of rapidly diversifying reptile life.